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Partial Amendment of the FSCMA Proposed for Adoption of Mandatory Tender Offer Rule

2023.05.31

As mentioned in our previous newsletter (Link), on December 21, 2022, the Financial Services Commission (the “FSC”) announced its plans to introduce a mandatory tender offer rule to enhance the rights and interests of general shareholders when a change of control takes place via stock transfer (Link). In light of the above, 11 National Assembly members led by assemblyman Changhyun Yun proposed a bill on May 30, 2023 to partially amend the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act (the “FSCMA”) for the adoption of the mandatory tender offer rule (the “Bill”).

According to the Bill, when a person becomes the largest shareholder, with a stake of 25% or more in a listed company, a tender offer obligation will be imposed on said person to make a tender offer to the remaining shareholders for at least “50% of the total shares + 1 share.” A public notice disclosing details such as the name of the person conducting the mandatory tender offer, target shares, type and number of shares to be purchased and the terms of the mandatory tender offer must be provided within 15 days from the date on which the above requirement is triggered. In order to prevent the positive function of M&A transactions that creates synergies between companies from being excessively undermined (an“M&A chilling effect”), authorities plan to come up with complementary measures such as stipulating exceptions for cases where a mandatory tender offer may be revoked.

The key points of the Bill are summarized below:
 

A.   Applicability of Mandatory Tender Offer (Proposed to be added as Article 146-2)

The term “mandatory tender offer” is defined as making an offer to a number of unspecified persons to purchase voting shares or inviting them to sell such shares, and purchasing them outside the securities market and alternative trading system. If a person becomes the largest shareholder holding 25% or more of the shares of a stock-listed corporation, such person will be required to make a tender offer for a certain number of additional shares, provided that some exceptions may be applied in consideration of any potential infringement on the rights and interests of other shareholders. According to the above proposal announced by the FSC, an obligation to purchase at least 50% + 1 share in total will be imposed. If the proportion of shares accepting the tender offer exceeds 50% of the total shares, the purchase of such shares will be made up to 50% + 1 share from accepting shareholders in proportion to their bid acceptance, and if it falls short of 50% of the total shares, the purchase of the tendered shares will be deemed to fulfill the obligation.

B.   Public Notice of Mandatory Tender Offer and Submission of Tender Offer Statement (Proposed to be added as Article 146-3)

Within 15 days from the date of becoming the largest shareholder as described above, the person who intends to conduct a mandatory tender offer must give a public notice including details such as the name of the person conducting the mandatory tender offer, the issuer of the shares to be purchased, the purpose of purchasing the shares, the type and number of shares to be purchased and the terms of the mandatory tender offer.

C.   Terms and Methods of Mandatory Tender Offer (Proposed to be added as Article 146-6)

A person conducting a mandatory tender offer must purchase shares at a price equal to or higher than the price prescribed by the Enforcement Decree of the FSCMA (according to the proposal announced by the FSC, the price including the control premium paid at the time of purchasing the controlling shareholder’s shares).

D.   Prohibition on Purchase of Shares through ways other than Mandatory Tender Offer (Proposed to be added as Article 146-5)

From the date of purchasing the controlling shareholder’s stake to the date on which the tender offer period ends, a person conducting a mandatory tender offer will not be allowed to purchase shares other than through a tender offer.

E.   Restrictions on Revocation of Mandatory Tender Offer (Proposed to be added as Article 146-4)

A mandatory tender offer may not be revoked, but revocation will be permitted in certain exceptional cases (e.g., where there is another tender offer made against such tender offer or where a person conducting a mandatory tender offer is deceased, dissolved or bankrupt).

F.   Restrictions on Voting Rights in case of Violation of Tender Offer Obligation (Proposed to be added as Article 146-7)

If a person who has purchased the controlling shareholder’s stake fails to give a public notice of a mandatory tender offer or makes a false representation on important matters, such person’s voting rights will be restricted.

G.   Investigation and Actions Relating to Mandatory Tender Offer (Proposed to be added as Article 146-8)

The FSC may require the submission of materials or have the Governor of the Financial Supervisory Service (the “FSS”) conduct an investigation where necessary for investor protection and may order the correction of the mandatory tender offer statement or suspend or prohibit the mandatory tender offer, if needed.

 

The Bill will be discussed and voted on by the standing committee and at the plenary session of the National Assembly, during which it may go through certain adjustments and revisions as the process may also involve hearing the Government’s opinion and reflecting such opinion in the Bill.

Once the mandatory tender offer rule under the Bill is adopted, significant changes will be inevitable in corporate M&A transactions (e.g., transaction timetable, required time frame, amount of required funds, etc.) and corporate governance practices (including response to minority shareholders and operation of general shareholders’ meetings).

 

[Korean Version]

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